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Education Policy and System
国家教育委员会State Education Commission
基本框架 basic framework 
办学效益 efficiency in school management 
协调发展 coordinated and balanced program of development 
教育投入 input in education 
优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff 
实行分区规划 practice regional planning 
社会参与 communal participation 
新增劳动力 incoming labor force 
提高......的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of ... 
职业道德 professional ethics 
注册人数 enrollment 
年龄段（层）age bracket 
反复灌输 inculcate 
希望工程 Project Hope 
学龄儿童 school-ager 
人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources 
辍/失学青少年 school dropout/leaver 
基金会 foundation 
服务性行业 service trade 
国际劳工组织International Labor Organization 
基础科学 the fundamentals 
三结合联合体 tripartite complex  
燎原计划 the Prairie Fire Program 
示范试点 demonstration pilot project 
结合、使加入 incorporate 
动员 mobilize 
税收 tax revenue 
多学科的 multi-disciplinary 
被授权 be authorized to do 
爱国人士 patriotic personage 
国家发明奖 National Invention Prize 
国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences 
国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology 
学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium 
记者招待会 press conference 
国家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commission 
国家统计局 the State Statistical Bureau 
国家教育经费 national expenditure on education 
财政拨款 financial allocation 
半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate 
占百分比 account for ...% 
资料中心 data center 
国际文化交流 intercultural communication 
坚持社会主义方向 to keep to the socialist orientation 
身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well. 
德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability 
爱国主义教育 education in patriotism 
国际主义教育 education in internationalism 
集体主义教育 education in collectivism 
共产主义教育 education in communism 
共产主义道德品质 communist ethics 
政治思想教育 political and ideological education 
教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 
培养学生自学能力 
to foster the students' ability to study on their own 
发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness 
自学成才 to become educated through independent study 
启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method 
填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching 
普及教育 universal education 
义务教育compulsory education; free education 
学前教育 preschool education 
初等教育 elementary education 
中等教育 secondary education 
高等教育 higher/tertiary education 
普遍教育 general education 
成人教育 adult education 
职业技术教育 vocational and technical education
教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 
教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically. 
适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体 a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century 
教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production 
成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 
教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来。Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future. 
五爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物）"Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public
培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 
启发学生独立思考的能力 to help develop students’ ability to think things out for themselves

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